الإسراء
Al Isra
Also known as: Bani Israil (The Children of Israel)
Verses
111
Revelation
Makki
Period
Late Makkan
Surah No.
17 / 114
Surah Al-Isra opens with the miraculous night journey of the Prophet from the Masjid al-Haram in Makkah to the Masjid al-Aqsa in Jerusalem and then to the heavens. The surah contains a comprehensive code of ethics covering duties to parents, neighbours, the poor, and warnings against arrogance. It also addresses the Children of Israel and twice predicts the corruption and punishment of their nation, which many scholars interpret as references to historical events.
أسباب النزول
The opening verse was revealed to describe the Isra and Mi'raj event that occurred approximately one year before the Hijra. The Quraysh considered this claim proof of the Prophet's madness and used it as a propaganda tool. Abu Bakr's immediate acceptance earned him the title "As-Siddiq" (the truthful). Many of the ethical injunctions in this surah were revealed in response to specific questions or social problems in Makkan society.
“Exalted is He who took His Servant by night from the Masjid al-Haram to the Masjid al-Aqsa.”
The verse describing the Isra opens with "Subhan" (Exalted be He), an expression of glorification used when something extraordinary and seemingly impossible is being described, affirming this was a physical miracle beyond natural law.
“And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to parents, good treatment.”
The placement of kindness to parents immediately after the command to worship Allah alone was deliberate, as the Quran repeatedly links the two obligations to show their primacy in the believer's moral life.