الجاثية
Al Jathiyah
Verses
37
Revelation
Makki
Period
Late Makkan
Surah No.
45 / 114
Al-Jathiyah takes its name from the scene in verse 28 where every community will crouch on their knees before Allah on the Day of Judgement. The surah presents a sustained argument that the signs in creation – the heavens, the earth, human beings themselves, and the alternation of night and day – are sufficient evidence for any who choose to reflect. It then addresses those who reduce truth to mere conjecture and follow their desires, contrasting them with those who hold firm to revealed guidance. The Book given to the Children of Israel is mentioned as a precedent for the Quran.
أسباب النزول
Revealed in the late Makkan period as part of the Hawamim sequence. The surah responded to the Qurayshi materialists who denied any divine plan or afterlife. The reference to the Children of Israel receiving the Book (45:16-17) was intended to show the Quraysh that revealed scripture was the norm of divine communication with human communities, and that the Quran continued this tradition.
“Allah is He who subjected the sea for you so that ships may sail through it by His command.”
Part of a series of verses on divine subjugation (taskhir) of natural forces for human benefit, framing human civilisation as a gift requiring gratitude rather than arrogance.
“And you will see every nation crouching; every nation will be called to its record.”
The verse that gives the surah its name, depicting the universal humbling of all peoples before divine judgement.