All Prophets
Prophet #25

محمد

Muhammad (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)Khatam al-Nabiyyin (Seal of the Prophets) and Rahmatan lil-'Alamin (Mercy to All the Worlds)

Also known as: Ahmad (the Most Praised), al-Mustafa (the Chosen), al-Habib (the Beloved of Allah), Khatam al-Nabiyyin (Seal of the Prophets), Abu al-Qasim (Father of al-Qasim)

Nation / People

All of mankind and all of the Jinn, until the Day of Judgement

Period

570 CE - 632 CE

Lifespan

63 years (570 CE - 632 CE)

Burial Place

His room in al-Masjid al-Nabawi (the Prophet's Mosque) in al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia, which is one of the holiest sites in Islam

Message

The complete and final message of Islam: submission to Allah alone (tawhid), following the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ, treating all people with justice and compassion, and preparing for the Hereafter. His message supersedes and completes all previous messages, and his Quran abrogates all previous scriptures whilst affirming their core truths.

Lineage

  1. 1.
    'Abdallah- Father
  2. 2.
    Aminah bint Wahb- Mother
  3. 3.
    'Abd al-Muttalib (Shaybah)- Grandfather
  4. 4.
    Hashim ('Amr)- Great-grandfather
  5. 5.
    'Abd Manaf (Mughirah)- Ancestor
  6. 6.
    Qusayy- Ancestor
  7. 7.
    Kilab- Ancestor
  8. 8.
    Murrah- Ancestor
  9. 9.
    Ka'b- Ancestor
  10. 10.
    Lu'ayy- Ancestor
  11. 11.
    Ghalib- Ancestor
  12. 12.
    Fihr (Quraysh)- Ancestor (Tribe of Quraysh named after him)
  13. 13.
    Malik- Ancestor
  14. 14.
    al-Nadr- Ancestor
  15. 15.
    Kinanah- Ancestor
  16. 16.
    Khuzaymah- Ancestor
  17. 17.
    Mudrikah- Ancestor
  18. 18.
    Ilyas- Ancestor
  19. 19.
    Mudar- Ancestor
  20. 20.
    Nizar- Ancestor
  21. 21.
    Ma'add- Ancestor
  22. 22.
    Adnan- Ancestor (Lineage confirmed to here; beyond is debated)
  23. 23.
    Ismail- Ancestor (via Adnan)
  24. 24.
    Ibrahim- Ancestor

Key Miracles

  • The Quran: the greatest and most enduring miracle, a linguistic and spiritual masterpiece that has never been equalled
  • The Night Journey (Isra') from Makkah to Jerusalem and the Ascension (Mi'raj) through the seven heavens in one night
  • The splitting of the moon (Inshiqaq al-Qamar)
  • Water flowing abundantly from between his blessed fingers
  • Multiplication of food on numerous occasions
  • The weeping of a date-palm trunk when he moved away from it to give his sermon
  • His knowledge of hidden matters revealed to him by Allah (al-ghayb)
  • The victory of 313 Muslims over an army of 1,000 at the Battle of Badr
  • Healing of the wounded by his touch
  • The fire in the trench at Khandaq extinguished by his prayer
  • The Conquest of Makkah: 8 years after being driven out, he returned at the head of 10,000, with not a drop of blood spilled

Key Stories

  • Born in Makkah in the Year of the Elephant (570 CE); his father died before his birth
  • The opening of his chest (Sharh al-Sadr) as a young child by angels
  • Known as al-Amin (the Trustworthy) by the people of Makkah before prophethood
  • First revelation in the Cave of Hira: "Recite in the name of your Lord who created"
  • The secret calling period; then the public proclamation of Islam
  • Years of persecution in Makkah: boycott, torture of followers, death of his wife Khadijah and uncle Abu Talib
  • The Night Journey (al-Isra') to Jerusalem and the Ascension (al-Mi'raj) through the heavens
  • The migration (Hijrah) to Madinah: the beginning of the Islamic calendar
  • Building of the first mosque; the Islamic state of Madinah
  • The battles: Badr, Uhud, al-Khandaq (the Trench), Khaybar
  • The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah: a diplomatic turning point
  • The Conquest of Makkah without bloodshed
  • The Farewell Pilgrimage (Hajjat al-Wada): his last sermon, the completion of the religion
  • His death on 12 Rabi al-Awwal, 11 AH (632 CE), at the age of 63

Mentioned in the Quran

Surah al-Fath (48) - revealed about the Treaty of HudaybiyyahSurah al-Ahzab (33:40) - "Seal of the Prophets"Surah Muhammad (47) - a surah named after himSurah al-Duha (93), Surah al-Inshirah (94) - intimate divine address to himAnd throughout the entire Quran, which was revealed to him over 23 years

Special Characteristics

The final Prophet and Messenger of Allah, sent to all of humanity and the Jinn for all time. He is 'Rahmatan lil-'Alamin' (a Mercy to all the Worlds). His Sunnah (practices and sayings) are preserved with unprecedented precision. The Quran, revealed to him, is the final and perfectly preserved divine book. He is the most beloved of all creation to Allah. Sending prayers upon him (salawat) is an act of worship with immense reward. He will be the first to intercede on the Day of Judgement and will have the most followers of all Prophets. He is referred to as 'al-Nabiyy al-Ummiyy' (the unlettered Prophet), making the Quran's eloquence an even greater miracle. His character was described by his wife 'A'ishah: 'His character was the Quran.'